1. Examination, Diagnosis, and Preparation
The dentist will begin by taking an X-ray to examine the shape of the root canals and check for infection in the surrounding bone. Local anaesthesia will then be administered to numb the tooth and the surrounding area before treatment begins.
2. Removal of Infected Tissue
Once the anaesthetic has taken full effect, the dentist will create a small opening in the tooth to remove all inflamed, infected, or dead pulp tissue. Small specialised instruments are then used to carefully clean and disinfect the inside of each root canal.
3. Root Canal Filling
After the root canals have been thoroughly cleaned and disinfected, they are filled with a rubber-like material called gutta-percha. The canals are then sealed tightly to prevent bacteria from re-entering and causing another infection.
4. Tooth Restoration
A tooth that has undergone root canal treatment no longer receives nourishment from the pulp tissue, which can make it more brittle and susceptible to fracture than a healthy tooth. The final and essential step is therefore to restore the tooth’s strength, function, and appearance. In most cases, this involves placing a dental post and crown.